Social determinants of health

Planned reduction or stopping of medicines that may no longer benefit the patient.

Key point: Deprescribing statins is suggested for older adults at end of life; continuation is suggested for primary or secondary prevention otherwise.

Acute hospital-level care delivered in the patient's home.

Key point: Home hospitalization presents an effective strategy for comprehensive heart failure management, reducing hospital-related complications and promoting patient-centered care.

Tracking patients' vital signs and symptoms at home with connected devices.

Key point: Remote monitoring is a standard tool for managing patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices, offering early event detection, fewer routine visits, and reduced mortality.

Low blood sodium, its causes and correction.

Key point: Hyponatremia in cirrhosis should be worked up with dietary and medication history, electrolyte/kidney review, bleeding and infection assessment, and thyroid/adrenal evaluation.

Intravenous iron formulations for iron deficiency.

Key point: In chronic kidney disease, transferrin saturation and ferritin thresholds guide iron therapy, with intravenous iron preferred over oral iron in people receiving hemodialysis.

Symptoms persisting or appearing after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Key point: Evidence-based recommendations suggest vaccination or antivirals during acute COVID-19 to prevent long COVID, but certainty is very low to moderate.